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	<title>Comments on: The New Uncanny: Tales of Unease &#8212; A Class Review</title>
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	<description>Michael Arnzen&#039;s Notebook on the Strange in Everyday Life</description>
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		<title>By: Unspeakable Delight</title>
		<link>http://www.gorelets.com/uncanny/fiction/the-new-uncanny-tales-of-unease-a-class-review/#comment-105</link>
		<dc:creator>Unspeakable Delight</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Oct 2009 00:00:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.gorelets.com/uncanny/?p=588#comment-105</guid>
		<description>[...] our Readings In The Genre: Horror class this week, the instructor, Dr. Michael Arnzen, had us each review a short story in &#8220;The New Uncanny&#8221; for his blog: Gorelets.com. The premise for the compilation is [...] </description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] our Readings In The Genre: Horror class this week, the instructor, Dr. Michael Arnzen, had us each review a short story in &#8220;The New Uncanny&#8221; for his blog: Gorelets.com. The premise for the compilation is [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Michael Arnzen</title>
		<link>http://www.gorelets.com/uncanny/fiction/the-new-uncanny-tales-of-unease-a-class-review/#comment-104</link>
		<dc:creator>Michael Arnzen</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 Oct 2009 23:21:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.gorelets.com/uncanny/?p=588#comment-104</guid>
		<description>Just a quick note to thank everyone in my class for posting the above responses to this book.  This is a great study!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Just a quick note to thank everyone in my class for posting the above responses to this book.  This is a great study!</p>
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		<title>By: Marilyn Ghiz</title>
		<link>http://www.gorelets.com/uncanny/fiction/the-new-uncanny-tales-of-unease-a-class-review/#comment-103</link>
		<dc:creator>Marilyn Ghiz</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 Oct 2009 02:51:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.gorelets.com/uncanny/?p=588#comment-103</guid>
		<description>FAMILY MOTEL
Alison Macleod

     This strange little short story was nothing more than a tease. Mia, the mother, was harboring deep feelings of guilt for not having wanted her first born. She looked for danger where there was none and blamed herself whenever Felix was in harm’s way. There was a lot of foreboding and unfulfilled foreshadowing in the story for nothing to happen. 

     Dan, Mia’s husband, Rosie, Felix and her have come to the States for a great aunt’s funeral. Their SUV has broken down, leaving them stranded at a little third rate family owned motel.  They sarcastically call the owners the Earl and Mrs. Earl. Mia is unnerved when the owner keeps coming into their room whenever they’re gone. This builds suspicion and a sense of dread.

Combine this with her overactive guilt feelings and the tension builds.

     Mr. Earl speaks to Felix once and tells him to stay away from the geese because they’ll peck his eyes out. Then when the youngster tells her that Mr. Earl has no eyes, the reader is left with a sense of impending doom.

     On the first morning when Mia is out for an early stroll, she thinks that Mr. Earl is floating dead in the pool, although he shocks her by popping up his head. This appears to be a foreshadowing of disaster.

     The following morning little Felix is missing. The reader presumes that either the geese got him or he’s drowned in the pool. Tension mounts even higher when Mia sees the pool gate open. The child is sleepwalking by the pool, however, and she scoops him up and carries him home.

     Macleod pulled us into this era by setting it in a motel in New England with an in ground pool and emergency road service.  She pulled us even closer with the use of required baby seats and air conditioning. The glass baby bottle dates it into the sixties—unless they’re still using them in England.

     Mia’s guilt and the Earl’s eccentric personality helped to lend an eerie feeling to this piece; however, there was nothing uncanny about it. It did not succeed in giving the reader the slightest goose bump of fear. It actually left one wondering if a few pages might be missing. 

    Based on Freud’s premise it had potential that was never developed. It caught the reader’s attention several time, but then lost it in the ordinary.

    This story teaches us that by today’s standards, the uncanny is lost in the mundane. It only whets the appetite for more, while teasing us with less.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>FAMILY MOTEL<br />
Alison Macleod</p>
<p>     This strange little short story was nothing more than a tease. Mia, the mother, was harboring deep feelings of guilt for not having wanted her first born. She looked for danger where there was none and blamed herself whenever Felix was in harm’s way. There was a lot of foreboding and unfulfilled foreshadowing in the story for nothing to happen. </p>
<p>     Dan, Mia’s husband, Rosie, Felix and her have come to the States for a great aunt’s funeral. Their SUV has broken down, leaving them stranded at a little third rate family owned motel.  They sarcastically call the owners the Earl and Mrs. Earl. Mia is unnerved when the owner keeps coming into their room whenever they’re gone. This builds suspicion and a sense of dread.</p>
<p>Combine this with her overactive guilt feelings and the tension builds.</p>
<p>     Mr. Earl speaks to Felix once and tells him to stay away from the geese because they’ll peck his eyes out. Then when the youngster tells her that Mr. Earl has no eyes, the reader is left with a sense of impending doom.</p>
<p>     On the first morning when Mia is out for an early stroll, she thinks that Mr. Earl is floating dead in the pool, although he shocks her by popping up his head. This appears to be a foreshadowing of disaster.</p>
<p>     The following morning little Felix is missing. The reader presumes that either the geese got him or he’s drowned in the pool. Tension mounts even higher when Mia sees the pool gate open. The child is sleepwalking by the pool, however, and she scoops him up and carries him home.</p>
<p>     Macleod pulled us into this era by setting it in a motel in New England with an in ground pool and emergency road service.  She pulled us even closer with the use of required baby seats and air conditioning. The glass baby bottle dates it into the sixties—unless they’re still using them in England.</p>
<p>     Mia’s guilt and the Earl’s eccentric personality helped to lend an eerie feeling to this piece; however, there was nothing uncanny about it. It did not succeed in giving the reader the slightest goose bump of fear. It actually left one wondering if a few pages might be missing. </p>
<p>    Based on Freud’s premise it had potential that was never developed. It caught the reader’s attention several time, but then lost it in the ordinary.</p>
<p>    This story teaches us that by today’s standards, the uncanny is lost in the mundane. It only whets the appetite for more, while teasing us with less.</p>
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		<title>By: Eric Spery</title>
		<link>http://www.gorelets.com/uncanny/fiction/the-new-uncanny-tales-of-unease-a-class-review/#comment-102</link>
		<dc:creator>Eric Spery</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 Oct 2009 01:12:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.gorelets.com/uncanny/?p=588#comment-102</guid>
		<description>Gerard Woodward&#039;s “The Underhouse” made for an interesting inclusion in the compilation “The New Uncanny.” Sara Eyre and Ra Page, the compilation&#039;s editors, sent fourteen writers Sigmund Freud&#039;s essay, “The Uncanny.” In this essay, Freud discusses how some fiction achieves “a special core of feeling...within the field of what is frightening” and outlines eight tropes commonly used to evoke this feeling of unease in readers. 

The fourteen writers were asked to use the essay and the tropes outlined as a guide in writing works of short fiction for the compilation. Of these eight common tropes, Woodward&#039;s focus was primarily on Freud&#039;s discussion of the Double and the intentional blurring between reality and imagination.

The psychological creation of The Double, as a trope or archetypal pattern outlined by Freud, is “insurance against the destruction of the ego” and is coupled with a “belief in the soul and with the fear of death.” Woodward&#039;s narrator becomes obsessed at an early age with a doubled world he enters by viewing the real world turned upside down. He “desperately wants to explore this exotic [world]” and is “profoundly disappointed” every time he&#039;s forced to return to reality at his parents&#039; behest.

As an adult, he realizes he can finally create his upside-down world and prevent his own death. The story then becomes a How-To manual for creating our narrator&#039;s double world. He describes various features of his model room upstairs and how he goes about duplicating the doubled (and reversed) features in the room immediately beneath it. First he duplicates/reverses his model room&#039;s dimensions, then the floor, the rugs, the furniture, and even the curtains and chandelier.

Freud says this desire for doubling springs “from the soil of unbounded self-love, from the primary narcissism which dominates the mind of the child.” The story&#039;s narrator supports this when he says “[it] was as though my life was a reflection in a pool...as though narcissus [sic] could indeed embrace his own reflection.”

Freud goes on to discuss that the manner in which the Double operates is reversed as a child matures. “[When] this stage has been surmounted, the &#039;double&#039; reverses its aspect. From having been an assurance of immortality, it becomes the uncanny harbinger of death.”

The story&#039;s narrator follows this same maturation process as he decides to duplicate, not just a single room, but the entire house. This process will take him “many, many years, and … I may not live long enough to complete [it].” The Underhouse has become the ticking clock of the narrator&#039;s own mortality. But Freud&#039;s “harbinger of death” portends a death that has prospects of being a grand adventure. 

And as Freud notes, “there are also all the unfulfilled but possible futures to which we still like to cling in phantasy[sic].” And so our narrator ponders what would happen if he finished The Underhouse and it collapsed upon itself. “One must suppose that the two would cancel each other out...I would have folded myself out of existence. A rather attractive thought.” Our narrator is no longer immortal, and is now enthralled by the very real possibilities of his own impending mortality.

So how are we to make sense of the story in context? While Gerard Woodward&#039;s “The Underhouse” is an interesting narrative that finds a clever way to implement a discussion of Sigmund Freud&#039;s concept of the Double as outlined in “The Uncanny,” I&#039;m not sure it elicits the unnerving or uncanny feelings that Freud identified in his essay. As a reader, I would have been willing to follow Woodward further into the story, if he were to have taken the narrative past his current jumping-off point and explored this doubling concept in greater detail, hopefully achieving the desired uncanny effect.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Gerard Woodward&#8217;s “The Underhouse” made for an interesting inclusion in the compilation “The New Uncanny.” Sara Eyre and Ra Page, the compilation&#8217;s editors, sent fourteen writers Sigmund Freud&#8217;s essay, “The Uncanny.” In this essay, Freud discusses how some fiction achieves “a special core of feeling&#8230;within the field of what is frightening” and outlines eight tropes commonly used to evoke this feeling of unease in readers. </p>
<p>The fourteen writers were asked to use the essay and the tropes outlined as a guide in writing works of short fiction for the compilation. Of these eight common tropes, Woodward&#8217;s focus was primarily on Freud&#8217;s discussion of the Double and the intentional blurring between reality and imagination.</p>
<p>The psychological creation of The Double, as a trope or archetypal pattern outlined by Freud, is “insurance against the destruction of the ego” and is coupled with a “belief in the soul and with the fear of death.” Woodward&#8217;s narrator becomes obsessed at an early age with a doubled world he enters by viewing the real world turned upside down. He “desperately wants to explore this exotic [world]” and is “profoundly disappointed” every time he&#8217;s forced to return to reality at his parents&#8217; behest.</p>
<p>As an adult, he realizes he can finally create his upside-down world and prevent his own death. The story then becomes a How-To manual for creating our narrator&#8217;s double world. He describes various features of his model room upstairs and how he goes about duplicating the doubled (and reversed) features in the room immediately beneath it. First he duplicates/reverses his model room&#8217;s dimensions, then the floor, the rugs, the furniture, and even the curtains and chandelier.</p>
<p>Freud says this desire for doubling springs “from the soil of unbounded self-love, from the primary narcissism which dominates the mind of the child.” The story&#8217;s narrator supports this when he says “[it] was as though my life was a reflection in a pool&#8230;as though narcissus [sic] could indeed embrace his own reflection.”</p>
<p>Freud goes on to discuss that the manner in which the Double operates is reversed as a child matures. “[When] this stage has been surmounted, the &#8216;double&#8217; reverses its aspect. From having been an assurance of immortality, it becomes the uncanny harbinger of death.”</p>
<p>The story&#8217;s narrator follows this same maturation process as he decides to duplicate, not just a single room, but the entire house. This process will take him “many, many years, and … I may not live long enough to complete [it].” The Underhouse has become the ticking clock of the narrator&#8217;s own mortality. But Freud&#8217;s “harbinger of death” portends a death that has prospects of being a grand adventure. </p>
<p>And as Freud notes, “there are also all the unfulfilled but possible futures to which we still like to cling in phantasy[sic].” And so our narrator ponders what would happen if he finished The Underhouse and it collapsed upon itself. “One must suppose that the two would cancel each other out&#8230;I would have folded myself out of existence. A rather attractive thought.” Our narrator is no longer immortal, and is now enthralled by the very real possibilities of his own impending mortality.</p>
<p>So how are we to make sense of the story in context? While Gerard Woodward&#8217;s “The Underhouse” is an interesting narrative that finds a clever way to implement a discussion of Sigmund Freud&#8217;s concept of the Double as outlined in “The Uncanny,” I&#8217;m not sure it elicits the unnerving or uncanny feelings that Freud identified in his essay. As a reader, I would have been willing to follow Woodward further into the story, if he were to have taken the narrative past his current jumping-off point and explored this doubling concept in greater detail, hopefully achieving the desired uncanny effect.</p>
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		<title>By: RhondaJJ</title>
		<link>http://www.gorelets.com/uncanny/fiction/the-new-uncanny-tales-of-unease-a-class-review/#comment-101</link>
		<dc:creator>RhondaJJ</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Oct 2009 21:52:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.gorelets.com/uncanny/?p=588#comment-101</guid>
		<description>In Continuous Manipulation, Frank Cottrell Boyce utilizes the ongoing technological advances in the video gaming industry in setting up his story of the uncanny.  In direct correlation to the theme of “…doll[s] which appear to be alive” (Freud, 10), Ruthie figures out how to make her real, dysfunctional family mimic the life she creates for her “doll” family in the video game.  The video game family also acts as a double (Freud, 11) of Ruthie’s true family, so as she manipulates the game characters, the real people around her act accordingly. 
Continuous Manipulation is a successful work of uncanny literature because it fits within the definition of uncanny as “…belong[ing] to two sets of ideas…what is familiar and agreeable, and on the other, what is concealed and kept out of sight” (Freud, 5).  The dysfunctional family is a common situation that is readily identifiable in our society.  Moving away from a childhood lover and knowing that that person has influenced our lives forever is not uncommon, either.  Our first view of Sue is one which could be any of us.  She has a new boyfriend and is trying to get to know him by relating bits and pieces of her childhood and him his.  Even when Sue admits she has a compulsion to visit her old boyfriend, Peter, the reader believes this is just the desire to see an old friend, perhaps to see if he is as affected by her absence in his life.  It is not until we see Sue becoming more aware of the correlation between the video game and the actions of Ruthie’s family that we realize something is amiss. 
 
As the story unfolds, we begin to understand that Sue has been directly manipulated by Ruthie as another character of the game, such as when she feels her exciting new boyfriend‘s questions “[seem] like moves in a game [she] does not want to play anymore” (Cottrell, 210).  Sue&#039;s visit to their home was likely directed by Ruthie, because maybe she wanted to see Sue.  She was the one responsible for showing Ruthie how to play her video game in the first place.  Only because Ruthie wanted her home life to go back to the way it was and stay that way forever had she removed Sue from Peter’s life so he would remain at home.  However, she does not dislike Sue so she gives her some enjoyment in the form of other boyfriends, even if Sue is unable to stay with them and find everlasting happiness.

This story could be an admonishment against disregarding the effects of major life changes on children.  Everyone around Ruthie went on with his or her own life plans and had no understanding of what the things that were happening meant to her.  Had someone taken the time to explain why her parents were splitting up and why her father was getting a new wife and why Peter had to leave home to attend college, perhaps her frustration would not have morphed into an obsession with her video game, where she controlled the world and the events in it.  Although Ruthie’s ability would not belong to a real child in our culture, there are many more diversions available in which a kid could drown their confusion.  

Works Cited:

Cottrell, Frank.  “Continued Manipulation.”  The New Uncanny.  Ed. Sarah Eyre and Ra Page.  Great Britain:  Comma Press, 2008. 207-219.  Print.

Freud, Sigmond.  “The Uncanny.”  Rohan Academic Computing.  2 October 2009.  http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/~amtower/uncanny.html</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In Continuous Manipulation, Frank Cottrell Boyce utilizes the ongoing technological advances in the video gaming industry in setting up his story of the uncanny.  In direct correlation to the theme of “…doll[s] which appear to be alive” (Freud, 10), Ruthie figures out how to make her real, dysfunctional family mimic the life she creates for her “doll” family in the video game.  The video game family also acts as a double (Freud, 11) of Ruthie’s true family, so as she manipulates the game characters, the real people around her act accordingly.<br />
Continuous Manipulation is a successful work of uncanny literature because it fits within the definition of uncanny as “…belong[ing] to two sets of ideas…what is familiar and agreeable, and on the other, what is concealed and kept out of sight” (Freud, 5).  The dysfunctional family is a common situation that is readily identifiable in our society.  Moving away from a childhood lover and knowing that that person has influenced our lives forever is not uncommon, either.  Our first view of Sue is one which could be any of us.  She has a new boyfriend and is trying to get to know him by relating bits and pieces of her childhood and him his.  Even when Sue admits she has a compulsion to visit her old boyfriend, Peter, the reader believes this is just the desire to see an old friend, perhaps to see if he is as affected by her absence in his life.  It is not until we see Sue becoming more aware of the correlation between the video game and the actions of Ruthie’s family that we realize something is amiss. </p>
<p>As the story unfolds, we begin to understand that Sue has been directly manipulated by Ruthie as another character of the game, such as when she feels her exciting new boyfriend‘s questions “[seem] like moves in a game [she] does not want to play anymore” (Cottrell, 210).  Sue&#8217;s visit to their home was likely directed by Ruthie, because maybe she wanted to see Sue.  She was the one responsible for showing Ruthie how to play her video game in the first place.  Only because Ruthie wanted her home life to go back to the way it was and stay that way forever had she removed Sue from Peter’s life so he would remain at home.  However, she does not dislike Sue so she gives her some enjoyment in the form of other boyfriends, even if Sue is unable to stay with them and find everlasting happiness.</p>
<p>This story could be an admonishment against disregarding the effects of major life changes on children.  Everyone around Ruthie went on with his or her own life plans and had no understanding of what the things that were happening meant to her.  Had someone taken the time to explain why her parents were splitting up and why her father was getting a new wife and why Peter had to leave home to attend college, perhaps her frustration would not have morphed into an obsession with her video game, where she controlled the world and the events in it.  Although Ruthie’s ability would not belong to a real child in our culture, there are many more diversions available in which a kid could drown their confusion.  </p>
<p>Works Cited:</p>
<p>Cottrell, Frank.  “Continued Manipulation.”  The New Uncanny.  Ed. Sarah Eyre and Ra Page.  Great Britain:  Comma Press, 2008. 207-219.  Print.</p>
<p>Freud, Sigmond.  “The Uncanny.”  Rohan Academic Computing.  2 October 2009.  <a href="http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/~amtower/uncanny.html" rel="nofollow">http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/~amtower/uncanny.html</a></p>
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		<title>By: Elsa Carruthers</title>
		<link>http://www.gorelets.com/uncanny/fiction/the-new-uncanny-tales-of-unease-a-class-review/#comment-100</link>
		<dc:creator>Elsa Carruthers</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Oct 2009 20:51:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.gorelets.com/uncanny/?p=588#comment-100</guid>
		<description>“The Dummy” by Nicholas Royal is a fractured-perspective story about a novelist whose life is turned upside down after an affair. The first section of the story, told in the second person, sets up the doubling that continues until the end, successfully creating a feeling of unease and dread. The doubling is made modern by the way that Royal “twins” the reader with the protagonist and the way that Belgium is a “parallel world” to England (p.60).    
In it, the reader is pulled into the narrative as an active participant, mistaking a fallen traffic dummy for a man, and then, upon discovery of the mistake, clandestinely putting the dummy into the passenger seat of the car and driving home.  
	The story then shifts to first-person and the mirroring continues.   Here, the writer (the reader), tells the backstory that leads up to incident with the dummy.  He (we) is sitting with his (our) new lover, explaining why he (we) love Belgium (p.59-60) and it becomes clear that the affair with Hilde is more than a one-night-stand.  
	Then we are back in the second person narrative, about to leave our suspicious wife for a while, and go to Hilde. Coincidentally, in the novel we are writing, our main character is also having an affair.  We return; our wife confronts us with the knowledge of the affair.  We go to a bar.  On leaving, we see the dummy in the car and for a moment, we wonder whether or not we put up the hood of his jacket. After some time, we find ourselves in a hotel, and in a brilliant but very subtle twist, we realize that the protagonist is in fact the dummy – perhaps as the pain in the chest suggests, we have switched places with the dummy.  And we, the new protagonist, go on with an undisclosed plan to harm the children.
	At this point, one can’t help but remember the protagonist showing Hilde the picture of the children . . . the one that “went everywhere with me” and “was a year old.” (p.60)  The effect is one of horrific déjà-vu, calling to mind what Freud said about the Uncanny.   “. . . the uncanny is in reality nothing new or foreign, but something familiar and old-established in the mind that has been estranged only by the process of repression.” (Freud p.394)  
Did he (I) murder the children before or after the affair?  Is this story told in a linear progression?  Did it happen at all or was it the product of a mind desperately trying to suppress the memory of his children and experiencing distress at each reminder as Freud would theorize?  “In the first place, if psycho-analytic theory is correct in maintain that every emotional affect, whatever its quality, is transformed by repression into morbid anxiety, then among such cases of anxiety there must be a class in which anxiety can be shown to come from something repressed which recurs.” (Freud p.  394)
 	The switching of the protagonist for the dummy and then for the reader suggests that we are all exchangeable and disposable.  The final revelation that the narrator was the dummy all along further suggests that what we think of as a consciousness, soul, or essence, is not at all unique.  Even more disturbing, perhaps it doesn’t exist at all.   
	This story is an excellent examination of the Uncanny.  The only parts that I would change are the sections that are written in the second-person.  The story would work just as well (if not a little better) if those sections were written in the third- person instead.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>“The Dummy” by Nicholas Royal is a fractured-perspective story about a novelist whose life is turned upside down after an affair. The first section of the story, told in the second person, sets up the doubling that continues until the end, successfully creating a feeling of unease and dread. The doubling is made modern by the way that Royal “twins” the reader with the protagonist and the way that Belgium is a “parallel world” to England (p.60).<br />
In it, the reader is pulled into the narrative as an active participant, mistaking a fallen traffic dummy for a man, and then, upon discovery of the mistake, clandestinely putting the dummy into the passenger seat of the car and driving home.<br />
	The story then shifts to first-person and the mirroring continues.   Here, the writer (the reader), tells the backstory that leads up to incident with the dummy.  He (we) is sitting with his (our) new lover, explaining why he (we) love Belgium (p.59-60) and it becomes clear that the affair with Hilde is more than a one-night-stand.<br />
	Then we are back in the second person narrative, about to leave our suspicious wife for a while, and go to Hilde. Coincidentally, in the novel we are writing, our main character is also having an affair.  We return; our wife confronts us with the knowledge of the affair.  We go to a bar.  On leaving, we see the dummy in the car and for a moment, we wonder whether or not we put up the hood of his jacket. After some time, we find ourselves in a hotel, and in a brilliant but very subtle twist, we realize that the protagonist is in fact the dummy – perhaps as the pain in the chest suggests, we have switched places with the dummy.  And we, the new protagonist, go on with an undisclosed plan to harm the children.<br />
	At this point, one can’t help but remember the protagonist showing Hilde the picture of the children . . . the one that “went everywhere with me” and “was a year old.” (p.60)  The effect is one of horrific déjà-vu, calling to mind what Freud said about the Uncanny.   “. . . the uncanny is in reality nothing new or foreign, but something familiar and old-established in the mind that has been estranged only by the process of repression.” (Freud p.394)<br />
Did he (I) murder the children before or after the affair?  Is this story told in a linear progression?  Did it happen at all or was it the product of a mind desperately trying to suppress the memory of his children and experiencing distress at each reminder as Freud would theorize?  “In the first place, if psycho-analytic theory is correct in maintain that every emotional affect, whatever its quality, is transformed by repression into morbid anxiety, then among such cases of anxiety there must be a class in which anxiety can be shown to come from something repressed which recurs.” (Freud p.  394)<br />
 	The switching of the protagonist for the dummy and then for the reader suggests that we are all exchangeable and disposable.  The final revelation that the narrator was the dummy all along further suggests that what we think of as a consciousness, soul, or essence, is not at all unique.  Even more disturbing, perhaps it doesn’t exist at all.<br />
	This story is an excellent examination of the Uncanny.  The only parts that I would change are the sections that are written in the second-person.  The story would work just as well (if not a little better) if those sections were written in the third- person instead.</p>
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